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National Labor Relations Commission (Philippines)
The National Labor Relations Commission (Filipino: ''Pambansang Komisyon sa Ugnayang Paggawa'', abbreviated NLRC) is a commission organized by the Philippine government to resolve, investigate and settle disputes between employees and employers. The NLRC is a subsequent part of the Department of Labor and Employment where its policies and programs〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url=http://www.nlrc.dole.gov.ph/abtNlrc.php )〕 are coordinated. The commission dates back to the commonwealth period, when the contract labor law act was passed in the United States Congress on January 23, 1885, it was then implemented in the Philippines on June 6, 1899.
==History==
The Philippines was abiding by the contract labor law act until the national assembly through Commonwealth Act No. 103 created the Court of Industrial Relations (CIR) on October 29, 1936. In the onset of CIR’s existence〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url= http://www.nlrc.dole.gov.ph/abtNlrc.php#CIR )〕 it was first placed under the supervision of the Department of Justice. The court consisted of a presiding judge and four associate judges which were then appointed by the President of the Philippines, which should have consent from the commission on appointments.
During the martial law, former president Ferdinand E. Marcos issued presidential decree (P.D.) 21〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url= http://www.nlrc.dole.gov.ph/abtNlrc.php#INTERIM )〕 creating an interim National Labor Relations Commission. It comprised three members the undersecretary of labor as Chairman, the Director of labor relations and the Director of labor standards. The Interim Commission took point in all matters involving employer-employee relations including all disputes and grievances. The interim NLRC existed for two years, until the passage of P.D. 442. The CIR was abolished on November 1, 1974 because of its conflicts with the provisions of the newly formed interim NLRC. The NLRC under P.D. 442 was given the same scope of services to the interim NLRC but had its members increased as the volume of labor cases also increased.
After the EDSA revolution the NLRC was regionalized〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url= http://www.nlrc.dole.gov.ph/abtNlrc.php#PD442 )〕 after the 1986 constitutional convention. The first and second division's main offices are located in Manila. These divisions handle cases from the National Capital Region (NCR). The third division, whose offices are also located in Manila, handles cases from Luzon except the NCR. The fourth division, which is located in Cebu City, handles cases from the Visayas, while the fifth division, located in Cagayan de Oro City, handles cases from Mindanao.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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